Tag: India

Chandrayaan-3, India’s Courageous Lunar Mission, Is Set for a Magnificent Comeback

The Lunar Dream Rekindled: A Resilient Vision
With Chandrayaan-3, a potent testament to the nation’s continuous commitment to space science, India is ready to revive its lunar dreams. This ambitious project is an inspiring endeavour to explore new space scientific and technical boundaries by building on the successes and lessons from prior Chandrayaan missions.
Recap of the Chandrayaan Missions: Learning from the Past
The Chandrayaan project was launched by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), which has had both triumphs and failures. The Chandrayaan-1 probe, which was launched in 2008, altered the way we view the Moon by discovering evidence of water molecules on its surface. Chandrayaan-2 had issues during the landing phase despite being launched in 2019 with the goal of investigating the south polar area of the Moon. These contacts paved Chandrayaan-3’s way and provided crucial information for its preparation.
Unveiling Chandrayaan-3: Upgrades and Mission Goals
In order to make a successful soft landing on the Moon, Chandrayaan-3 is preparing to focus on the lunar south pole, an area rich in prospects for scientific investigation. By advancing the lander and rover technology, ISRO hopes to ensure an error-free descent and exploration process. The mission’s primary objectives are to provide more detailed
Innovative Technology: The Mission’s Powerhouse
Modern technology must be successfully included into Chandrayaan-3. The mission will be able to overcome challenges experienced in prior endeavors because to several substantial technical breakthroughs, including sophisticated propulsion systems, accurate landing mechanisms, and robust communication systems. These innovations are a testament to India’s engineering prowess and commitment to advancing the limits of space exploration.
International Partnerships and Contributions as Collaborative Efforts
India’s collaborative spirit and the reality that space exploration is an international effort are both highlighted by Chandrayaan-3. The mission is ready to benefit from international partnerships and share expertise and resources. Through collaboration with other spacefaring nations, ISRO hopes to foster a sense of unity in the endeavour to unravel the secrets of the Moon.

August 6, 2023
Despite everything BJP will still win in 2024

By Justice Katju
R. Nagaraj is an eminent Indian economist, who is a former Professor in the Indira Gandhi Indian Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, and presently Visiting Professor in the Centre of Development Studies, Trivandrum.

He has said that despite all tall claims that India has the fastest growing economy in the world and that in a few years it will be the world’s third largest economy, the truth is that India has not experienced such an economic downturn over the past 7 decades as it is currently experiencing, though the seriousness of this downturn does not find place in the minds of its policy makers and the public.

He further says that India is currently stuck in the trap of growing unemployment. Indian rulers said that they will create 100 million jobs, but the truth is that India has lost 23 million jobs in 2017-2021. An example of the level of unemployment is that in 2019 12.5 million indians applied for 3500 railway jobs.

Vietnam, with a population of 100 million people, exports the same value of manufactured goods as India, which has a population of 1400 million. Bangladesh is also doing far better than India.

Something similar has been said by Dr Parakala Prabhakar, who holds a Ph.D from the London School of Economics. He has said that the BJP Govt has made a mess of the Indian economy, and has referred in his book ‘The Crooked Timber of New india’ to the Oxfam Report, increasing inequality, rural distress, inflation and increasing pauperisation in india

I have said the same in the article below
Alice in the Wonderland that is India: Justice Katju

However, despite all this, I believe that the BJP will still win the Parliamentary elections in 2024, and I may give my reasons.

Although the Indian Constitution declares india to be a secular country, the ground reality is very different. After all, the Constitution is just a piece of paper, and writing something in it does not change the ground realities.

It must be understood that secularism is a feature of an industrialised society ( as in Western countries ), while india is still largely semi-feudal ( as is evident from the rampant casteism and communalism which prevails here ).
Most Hindus in India are communal, and so are most Muslims.

It is not that communalism suddenly emerged in India in 2014 after the BJP victory. It was there even before 2014, but to some extent it was kept in check because Congress and the other ‘secular’ parties sought the large Muslim vote bank, and therefore had to give some protection to Muslims.
BJP does not get Muslim votes, and so it skilfully manipulates the communal feelings which lie beneath the surface in Indian society.
So communalism, which
was lying latent and to some extent checked before 2014, has thereafter become open, virulent and aggressive. Despite its slogan of ‘sabka saath sabka vikaas’, atrocities are often committed on Muslims, and they are often victimised and discriminated against

Since about 80% Indians are Hindus this fact benefits the BJP which claims to represent the Hindus.

Of course Hindus are ordinarly divided on caste basis, but when communal feelings are aroused they tend to unite against what they perceive to be the common enemy viz Muslims ( as it happened during the Ram Janmabhoomi agitation ).

After 2014 there has been considerable religious polarisation in Indian society, and many Indian institutions have become ‘saffronised’.

As the 2024 parliamentary elections approach communal incidents will be skilfully stage managed, and this has already been witnessed in Manipur and Haryana. My own guess is that a few months before the elections they will reach such a high pitch that most Hindus will combine as against the Muslims.
There may also be a short war against Pakistan, or a few ‘surgical’ strikes ( this strategy was also utilised by the Congress in 1962 by invading Goa and then declaring elections, in which it scored a thumping victory ).
BJP gets its support not from its performance but from its Hindu identity.
As the elections approach, the agitations against the Gyanvapi mosque in Varanasi and the Shahi Masjid in Mathura ( as well as other places ) will be stepped up, and communal riots break out in many parts, to create a communal frenzy in India, which will
ensure BJP victory in the polls..

August 2, 2023
The Visionary Leader Changing India’s Destiny is Narendra Modi

From Humble Beginnings to Political Ascendancy
The 14th Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, was born in the tiny village of Vadnagar in the western state of Gujarat on September 17, 1950. His rise from a young age spent selling tea to the highest office in the land is evidence of his tenacity and leadership skills. The journey that brought Narendra Modi to the fore of Indian politics is examined in this essay, along with his modest beginnings.
Chief Minister of Gujarat: A Catalyst for Progress
Narendra Modi held the position of Gujarat’s Chief Minister from 2001 to 2014 before becoming the country’s prime minister. He carried out a number of development projects throughout his administration, and was praised for turning Gujarat into an economic powerhouse. His pro-business initiatives, emphasis on infrastructure, and effective leadership played a key role in luring investments and promoting economic development in the state.
The Modi Wave: Sweeping Victory in the 2014 General Elections
In the general elections of 2014, Narendra Modi guided the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to a historic victory. Riding the “Modi wave” of public popularity, the party won an absolute majority in the Lok Sabha, the lower chamber of parliament. This section analyzes the elements that led to Modi’s resounding victory and the lofty standards that were set for him as Prime Minister.
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: A Clean India Mission
The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission), one of Narendra Modi’s signature programs, sought to make India a cleaner and healthier place by encouraging sanitation and hygiene. The 2014 campaign’s goals included eradicating open defecation, enhancing trash disposal, and increasing public awareness of the value of cleanliness. This section of the article explores the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’s effects on India’s sanitation system.
Digital India: Empowering India through Technology
In order to close the digital gap and make digital services available to all residents, Narendra Modi created the Digital India program after realizing the revolutionary potential of technology. The campaign’s main objectives were to increase internet access, advance e-governance, and promote the use of digital platforms for a range of services. This section focuses on the advancements made by the Digital India program and how it helped modernize the Indian economy.

July 30, 2023
Rahul Gandhi: My Experience in Indian Politics as a Political Scion

The Gandhi Legacy: The Early Years of Rahul Gandhi
Rahul Gandhi was born on June 19, 1970, into a political dynasty that had a considerable impact on the development of India’s history. He is a member of the legendary Nehru-Gandhi family. Rahul Gandhi’s early life, upbringing, and the impact of his family’s political heritage on his decision to enter Indian politics are all covered in this portion of the article.
A Reluctant Politician: Rahul Gandhi’s Path to Embracing Leadership
Rahul Gandhi originally had little enthusiasm in pursuing a career in politics despite coming from a political family. Before actively entering public service, he worked in the private sector while concentrating on his schooling and professional life. This section of the article looks at the key events that eventually led to Rahul Gandhi accepting the position of leader inside the Indian National Congress party.
Grassroots Connect: Rahul Gandhi’s Foray into Social Work
Rahul Gandhi made the decision to devote himself to community development and grassroots activities before entering the national political scene. He made extended trips throughout India, making friends with people from all walks of life, getting to know their struggles, and fighting for their rights. Rahul Gandhi’s social service endeavors are highlighted in this section along with how they influenced his vision for a more inclusive and fair India.
Rising through the Ranks: Rahul Gandhi’s Ascendance in the Congress Party
Rahul Gandhi gradually moved up the ranks during his political career within the Indian National Congress. He sought to reconnect the party’s grassroots supporters and rebuild the party’s organizational structure while holding a variety of organizational posts. This section examines his position in the party’s hierarchy and his initiatives to boost the Congress party’s standing.
Political Ideals and Vision: Rahul Gandhi’s Policy Focus
Rahul Gandhi, a well-known political figure, has described his goals for the advancement and development of India. He has continuously stressed the value of social justice, inclusive growth, and economic changes that benefit the disadvantaged. This section of the article goes in-depth on Rahul Gandhi’s policy priorities and the major causes he champions in Indian politics.

July 30, 2023
India: A Country Rich in Culture, Diversity, and Heritage

Introduction to India: A Kaleidoscope of Colors and Cultures
India, a sizable South Asian country, is a place that embraces variety in all facets of daily life. India is a dazzling kaleidoscope of hues that has captivated visitors and academics for ages because of its vast geographic size and its colorful culture and traditions. In this article, we set out on a journey to investigate the fascinating tapestry that is India, learning about its illustrious past and the fascinating experiences it has to offer.
Incredible India: A Treasure Trove of Natural Beauty
India has an unmatched geographic variety, from the snow-capped Himalayan peaks in the north to the lush vegetation of the Western Ghats in the south. The nation is home to a breathtaking variety of topographies, including as tranquil backwaters, attractive beaches, lush woods, and dry deserts. This section explores India’s stunning natural beauty and the need of protecting its fragile ecosystems.
Timeless Traditions: India’s Cultural Heritage
India’s rich cultural legacy serves as a live reminder of its long past. The deep-rooted traditions that have been passed down through the years are reflected in the country’s art, music, dance, and festivals. India’s cultural mosaic is an alluring fusion of artistic manifestations, from traditional dance styles like Bharatanatyam and Kathak to the melodic strains of Hindustani and Carnatic music. This section honors the value of India’s cultural legacy and its long-lasting influence on the globe.
Spiritual Haven: India’s Journey of Faith
Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism are just a few of the main faiths that are said to have originated in India. Millions of devotees and seekers from all over the world visit the nation’s numerous grand temples, tranquil monasteries, and respected pilgrimage destinations. This section of the essay examines India’s spiritual heritage and its function as a shelter for those in search of enlightenment and the truth.
Unity in Diversity: India’s Multilingual Society
With more than 22 officially recognized languages and innumerable dialects, India is the home to an astounding variety of languages. India’s inclusive mentality, in which each language is a doorway to the rich cultural history of its speakers, is reflected in the country’s linguistic variety. This section explores India’s rich linguistic heritage and how language helps its citizens feel united and proud of their country.

July 30, 2023
Alice in the Wonderland that is India: Justice Katju

One day on a nice summer evening a little girl called Alice was dozing on a green meadow when she saw a white rabbit wearing a blue coat running on his two legs, looking at a watch, and saying ” I am late ”.

The rabbit jumped into a hole in the ground, and Alice got up and jumped into the same hole.
She fell and fell until she landed with a loud thump on a huge pile of garbage.

She saw piles of garbage everywhere.Getting up she brushed off the garbage off her clothes, and looked around.

She saw on a wall a huge poster on which it was written ” Welcome to india, the country with the fastest growing economy in the world ”.

Below the poster were sitting numerous little children wearing dirty clothes and with haggard faces. She went upto them, and they said they were not getting enough to eat Many had bodies which appeared wasted and stunted, obviously suffering from acute malnutrition.

She then walked ahead, and saw a huge gathering being addressed by a politician of India’s ruling party, who said ” India will soon become the third largest economy in the world, overtaking England, Germany, France, and Japan, UP and Maharashtra will cross 500 billion dollars GDP, and in ten years we will have a 20 trillion dollar economy. All of you will soon have good lives ”.

But in the crowd there was a large group of young men and women holding banners in which it was written ” We want jobs ”, and they were shouting ” We have Ph.D, M.Tech, M.Sc, MBA, and engineering degrees, but are unemployed ”.

Proceeding further, she saw a huge building on whose gate was written ” All India institute of Medical Sciences, India’s premier medical facility ”. But when she went inside the gate the scene appeared like a railway station, with thousands of sick people and their attendants thronging the place, no one caring for them. Many said they had been waiting the whole day but no doctor was in attendance.

Alice then saw a huge procession of farmers marching towards the indian Parliament, some of whom told her that over 400,00 farmers in india had committed suicide due to indebtedness, as farming had become uneconomical for small farmers.

Alice wondered what being the fastest growing economy in the world means when there was so much poverty, unemployment, malnutrition, lack of healthcare and good education for the Indian masses. Who was getting the fruits of this alleged economic growth ( assuming it was actually happening ), a handful of big businessmen and multinational corporations, or the Indian masses ?
Proceeding further she saw a demonstration of people who said they were of the minority communities in India, and were protesting against atrocities and discrimination against them.
Ultimately Alice reached a place where a lunch party was being held ( which she later named ‘The Mad Indians Party’ ) in which exquisite dishes of mutton biriyani, fish, chicken and prawns were being served, along with the choicest of wines, gin and beer.

She was invited to join the party, where several persons present spoke how India was shining today, having even sent a mission to the moon, and will soon become one of the most prosperous countries in the world.

But then Alice related all that she had seen, hungry children, unemployed youth, distressed farrmers, the unattended sick, protesting minorities, etc. She said all this tall talk of India being the world’s fastest growing economy, and that it will soon become the 3rd largest economy in the world, and have a 20 trillion economy in ten years, appeared to be a lot of bull, hot air, empty boast and braggadocio.

At this the persons present were at first stunned, as if a bucket of cold water had been poured over them. But then one of them shouted ” Yeh virodhi dal ki hai ”, another shouted ” Yeh aatankvaadi hai ”, and yet another ” Yeh Pakistani jaasoos hai ”, and having said so they started throwing tomatoes and potatoes which were on the table at her, while others started throwing shoes and stones.

Alice ran for her dear life, and ran and ran until she was exhausted and fell on the ground unconscious.
She then woke up and realised she had been dreaming.

July 29, 2023
A Cricketing Spectacular: The West Indies vs. India

A Historic Rivalry: The Origins of West Indies vs. India Cricket Encounters
The rivalry between the West Indies and India in cricket dates back to the early 1950s, when the two sides first met in a Test match. Explore the rich history and historic clashes that have shaped this fierce cricket rivalry.
Legends of the Game: Cricketing Icons from the West Indies and India
From Sir Vivian Richards to Brian Lara, and from Sunil Gavaskar to Sachin Tendulkar, the West Indies vs. India series has seen some of the game’s greatest superstars demonstrate their amazing abilities. Discover the cricketing luminaries who have made their imprint on this famous rivalry.
A Tale of Dominance and Resilience: Memorable Matches and Series
Relive the nail-biting moments and dramatic clashes that have marked the West Indies-India rivalry. From hard-fought Test series to nail-biting one-day internationals and Twenty20 matches, these confrontations have demonstrated both teams’ competitive spirit and commitment.
Calypso Flair vs. Subcontinental Spin: Contrasting Cricketing Styles
The West Indies’ aggressive style of cricket, exemplified by their fast bowlers and powerful batsmen, frequently conflicts with India’s strategic approach and mastery of spin bowling. Investigate both teams’ distinct cricketing styles and how they compliment or challenge one another on the field.
The Fan Perspective: Passion and Fervor in the Stands
Matches between the West Indies and India are more than just cricket; they are a celebration of the essence of the game. Investigate the fervent fan culture that flourishes throughout the Caribbean and the subcontinent, adding to the exciting atmosphere whenever these teams clash.

July 28, 2023
Kargil Vijay Diwas 2023: India Praises the 24th Commemoration of a Notable Victory

Discover the significance of Kargil Vijay Diwas 2023, commemorating India’s historic victory in the Kargil War against Pakistani militants.
Learn about the date, history, and the brave soldiers’ sacrifices that showcased India’s defense capabilities and commitment to peace. Join the nation in honoring these heroes who safeguarded sovereignty and united the country in support of the armed forces.
On July 26, 2023, India proudly celebrates Kargil Vijay Diwas, a day dedicated to commemorating the historic victory in the Kargil War of 1999. The article sheds light on the war’s history, where Pakistani soldiers and militants infiltrated Kargil, leading to a fierce armed conflict with India.
‘Operation Vijay’ was launched to reclaim control, resulting in three months of intense fighting and unmatched bravery by Indian forces. The article underscores the day’s importance as a symbol of India’s defense prowess and sovereignty.
Kargil Vijay Diwas unites the nation in honoring the sacrifices made by thousands of courageous soldiers and showcases India’s unwavering commitment to peace and preparedness in defending its borders and territorial integrity.
1. Recalling the Bold Legends: Kargil Vijay Diwas Recognizes India’s Triumph

On July 26, 2023, India gladly observes Kargil Vijay Diwas, regarding the courage and penances of the fearless troopers who battled and prevailed in the Kargil Battle of 1999. This huge day holds an exceptional spot in the hearts, everything being equal, as it denotes the effective safeguard of the country’s regional trustworthiness against Pakistani assailants.
2. History: The Kargil War and Activity Vijay

In the pre-summer of 1999, Pakistani fighters and aggressors penetrated the Kargil area in Kashmir, starting an outfitted struggle among India and Pakistan. The Indian Armed force answered with ‘Activity Vijay,’ a tactical activity pointed toward driving out the interlopers from the Indian domain.
3. 90 days of Boldness and Determination

For very nearly three months, Indian powers showed unmatched dauntlessness and assurance as they took part in extreme fights against the Pakistani Armed force and aggressors. The fighters battled under deceptive circumstances to recover control of the challenged domains.
4. A Victorious End: Holding onto Tiger Hill

In the wake of confronting various difficulties, the Indian military accomplished a definitive triumph on July 26, 1999, with the catch of ‘Tiger Slope,’ an essential high point in the contention. This triumph denoted the finish of the conflict and got India’s power.

5. The Meaning of Kargil Vijay Diwas

Kargil Vijay Diwas holds significant significance for India and its military. It features India’s abilities to shield its regional limits and power. The conflict joined the country, as residents from varying backgrounds revitalized behind the military, making them feel better and assurance.
6. Respecting the Penances of Fearless Soldiers

Large number of troopers made a definitive penance with regards to the country during the Kargil War. Kargil Vijay Diwas fills in as a piercing sign of their boldness, commitment, and impressive skill. It is a day to give recognition to these legends who set out their lives for the country.
7. A Message of Harmony and Preparedness

As India observes Kargil Vijay Diwas, it sends an unmistakable message to the world about its obligation to harmony. The event additionally reaffirms the country’s status to shield its lines and power assuming that the need emerges.
Conclusion
As India denotes the 24th commemoration of this notable triumph, Kargil Vijay Diwas remains as a demonstration of the fortitude, assurance, and strength of the Indian Military. It fills in as a sign of the penances made by our courageous fighters to safeguard the country’s power and respectability. On this day, the whole country meets up to offer thanks and pride in the legends made India successful notwithstanding difficulty.

July 26, 2023
How to make India free
By Justice Katju
Now that the name of Mughal Gardens In Rashtrapati Bhawan has been changed to Amrit Udyan, chapters on Mughal history have been ordered to be removed from the history syllabus by NCERT, the name of my hometown Allahabad changed to Prayagraj, Fyzabad changed to Ayodhya, Mughalsarai Junction changed to Pt Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction, Aurangabad changed to Sambhajinagar etc, and Babri Masjid demolished to give way to construction of a ‘bhavya’ Ram Mandir, I suggest the following steps be also taken to make India really free from all traces of of our detested oppressors, invaders and enslavers :

https://www.dw.com/en/why-is-india-hinduizing-cities-muslim-names/a-46259523
1. Demolish Red Fort, Qutub Minar, Humayun’s tomb and Jama Masjid In Delhi
2. Demolish Taj Mahal In Agra
3. Close down Aligarh Muslim University In Aligarh, Jamia Milia in Delhi, Osmania University In Hyderabad, and Dar-ul- Uloom in Deoband
4. Demolish Char Minar In Hyderabad and other Muslim constructions In India
5. Close down Ajmer dargah and Nizamuddin Aulia dargah
6. Close down Urdu, Persian and Arabic Departments In all Universities and Colleges In India
  7 Ban singing of songs in which Urdu or Persian words are used ( Hindi film songs use a lot of Urdu, and so they particularly should be banned ). Ban songs by Mohammed Rafi, Talat Mehmood, Ghulam Ali, Mehdi Hasan, Begum Akhtar and other Muslim singers
7. Ban recitation of Urdu shaayari, and for this ban mushairas
8. Ban teaching of Hindi poetry by Muslim poets like Rahim, Raskhan, Jaayasi, etc in our educational institutions
9. Change Muslim names of all cities, mohallas, villages and other places in India and give them Hindu names
  And finally, accelerate the ‘ghar waapasi’ programme
  This should be done before the 2024 Lok Sabha elections
Hari Om
July 24, 2023
RTI Exposes Alarming Discrepancy: Rs. 17.33 Crores vs. Rs. 26.79 Crores – Shocking Contrast in Highway Construction Costs Across India [Exclusive Report]
July 19, 2023
Exclusive report by The News Caravan
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The RTI Revelation: Uncovering the Startling Discrepancy
In a recent development, a Right to Information (RTI) application has shed light on a significant difference in the cost of highway construction between different regions of India. The application, filed by Mr. Ajay Basudev Bose, a prominent RTI activist, has exposed a substantial variance in construction expenses for highways in two major regions – Mumbai and Ludhiana.
Two Regions, Two Costs: Rs. 17.33 Crores vs. Rs. 26.79 Crores per Kilometer
According to the RTI replies received from the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), the cost of constructing one kilometer of highway in the Mumbai region stands at approximately Rs. 17.33 Crores. In stark contrast, the cost of constructing the same length of highway in Ludhiana amounts to a staggering Rs. 26.79 Crores.
RTI REPORT 1ST
RTI REPORT 2ND is uploaded below :

The statistics provided by NHAI under the RTI Act showcase the expenditure incurred by the authority from June 1, 2014, to July 1, 2023. The information outlines a considerable variation in construction expenses for highways in different parts of the country during this period.
Mr. Ajay Basudev Bose, the RTI activist responsible for obtaining and sharing this information, expressed deep concern over the noticeable cost disparity. He further raised questions about the reasons behind such a huge difference in construction expenses for highways between the two regions.
“It is disconcerting to observe such a significant contrast in construction costs for highways in Mumbai and Ludhiana,” Mr. Bose remarked. “As an RTI activist, it is my duty to bring such discrepancies to the public’s attention and seek accountability from the concerned authorities.”
Seeking Transparency: Citizens and Experts Demand Answers
The matter has gained attention from various quarters, with experts and citizens alike expressing curiosity and concern over the potential factors contributing to the observed cost variations. Many have emphasized the need for greater transparency in the allocation and utilization of funds in infrastructure projects to ensure equitable development across regions.
Potential Factors at Play: Exploring the Reasons Behind the Contrast
It is important to note that the difference in construction costs may stem from various factors, including terrain conditions, land acquisition expenses, material costs, and project complexities. However, the disparity in expenditure per kilometer has raised eyebrows and warrants a thorough investigation to address any potential irregularities.
Awaiting Official Responses: Ministry’s Role in Resolving the Issue
The NHAI, responsible for highway construction and maintenance in the country, has not yet provided an official statement regarding the reasons behind the contrasting costs. The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, headed by Shri Nitin Gadkari, is expected to take note of the issue and respond to the concerns raised by the public.
As the matter gains traction, citizens, stakeholders, and government authorities are closely watching the developments to understand the underlying factors contributing to the discrepancy in highway construction costs. Clarity and transparency in such matters are crucial to building trust and ensuring the efficient utilization of public funds in crucial infrastructure projects.
The RTI application filed by Mr. Ajay Basudev Bose has once again highlighted the power of the RTI Act in promoting accountability and shedding light on critical issues of public interest. As the nation awaits further responses and investigations, it is hoped that this revelation will pave the way for enhanced scrutiny and fair allocation of resources in future infrastructure endeavors.
July 19, 2023