Tag: warns

  • Godfather of artificial intelligence warns against future growth of AI

    Godfather of artificial intelligence warns against future growth of AI

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    Science fiction writers have been portraying for a long the doomsday scenario of machines ruling the world and taking over from humans.

    However, when a person like Geoffrey Hinton who has given more than a decade to Artificial Intelligence research and is known as “The Godfather of AI”, resigns from Google purportedly to warn people against the danger of the growth of AI, it is time to sit back and take notice.

    Geoffrey Hinton who was all for the AI technology which has resulted in ChatGPT suddenly seems to have got cold feet and is fearful of the repercussions of  Artificial Intelligence, once machines actually became “intelligent”.

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    He clearly does not see the big multinational companies like Microsoft and Google of the world competing with each other in the field of AI pouring billions of dollars, resulting in something beneficial for human beings. Rather he felt that AI if not checked now could lead to serious harm to humanity.

    For more than ten years, Hinton had been involved in the creation of the technology which gave rise to the high quality Artificial Intelligence systems of today.

    The bone of contention is the “generative artificial intelligence” the technology behind the creation of ChatGPT, which has left even the creators of this technology scared.

    Dr. Hinton has left his job to spread the message about the risks of A.I. which would definitely have a great impact coming from his mouth.

    Generative AI  is a quantum jump from usual artificial intelligence because it can produce high-quality text, imagery, and audio which is so authentic that one can be completely convinced that it is created by real people.

    With the coming of generative adversarial networks – a type of machine learning algorithm – Generative AI got a tremendous boost around 2014.

    Even at that time, critics raised the question of digitally forged images or videos copying real people could be used to indulge in criminal activities.

    With generative AI, the machine can generate content including creative literary products, accurate photos, paintings, and videos almost like that being done by humans.

    It could automatically create images if given a text description or generate text captions from looking at images, which one felt was a uniquely human task.

    The similarity between what a human can do and what a machine can do (particularly in the so-called higher thinking faculties) is slowly getting blurred.

    What is being feared is that Generative A.I. can be used as a tool for misinformation.

    Obviously, like nuclear energy which can be used both for good and evil, one cannot blame the technology.  But in view of the potential harm of AI, one must build sufficient safeguards and not let machines overtake humans.

    Dr Hinton knows that the AI technology they built may be neutral but had the potential to be used for committing crime or creating fake data which looks real.

    He says that while nuclear energy cannot be made secretly, one cannot know what a country, or what company is secretly developing AI.

    Dr Hinton primarily worked on building neural networks actually taking inspiration from how a brain’s neural networks function. The AI would be taught to learn skills on its own by analyzing data somewhat like the human brain does.

    In 2012, Hinton along with two students built a neural network that could analyze thousands of photos and teach itself to identify common objects, such as flowers, dogs, and cars.

    Google spent $44 million to acquire the company started by Dr. Hinton and his two students.

    It is their neural network systems which helped building powerful technologies of ChatGPT and Google Bard, AI chatbots that if asked a question or given a prompt will give you an answer.

    Dr Hinton got the Turing Award in 2018 for neural networks.

    Dr. Hinton initially liked neural networks machines being able to “understand” and “learn” bits of language and come out with correct answers but when he saw machines imbibe huge amounts of data leaving even humans far behind, he understood that it had the potential to be very dangerous.

    The fact that machines could far outstrip the amount of “knowledge” a human brain can contain and the machine  may not be under the control of humans is a chilling concept.

    It is almost like creating a Frankenstein.

    It is scary to think that humans with biologically evolved brains can become inferior to a machine.

    According to Hinton, these sophisticated AI would seriously affect the job market. Who would need a human brain if one had a more advanced “intelligent” machine?

    Hinton is not in favour of further scaling up of AI and wants sufficient control and regulation of AI.

    A large number of internationally renowned scientists have already in an open letter given a call for caution. They want regulation as far as the growth of AI is concerned.

    Prof Stephen Hawking, theoretical physicist and cosmologist has said “efforts to create thinking machines pose a threat to our very existence.”

    He feared the consequences of creating something that can match or surpass humans. He said that humans being limited by slow biological evolution could not compete machines and would be superseded.

    Elon Musk CEO of SpaceX, Tesla & Twitter has warned that AI is “our biggest existential threat”.

    Some more renowned CEOs and professors giving warning of AI growth include Steve Wozniak, Co-founder, Apple, Max Tegmark, MIT Center for Artificial Intelligence & Fundamental Interactions, Professor of Physics, president of Future of Life Institute Christof Koch.

    The open letter says that AI systems with human-competitive intelligence can pose “profound risks to society and humanity”.

    Advanced AI could represent a profound change in the history of life on Earth, and should be planned for and managed with commensurate care and resources. Unfortunately, this level of planning and management is not happening, even though recent months have seen AI labs locked in an out-of-control race to develop and deploy ever more powerful digital minds that no one – not even their creators – can understand, predict, or reliably control.

    Contemporary AI systems are now becoming human-competitive at general tasks,and we must ask ourselves: Should we let machines flood our information channels with propaganda and untruth? Should we automate away all the jobs, including the fulfilling ones? Should we develop nonhuman minds that might eventually outnumber, outsmart, obsolete and replace us? Should we risk loss of control of our civilization?

    Powerful AI systems should be developed only once we are confident that their effects will be positive and their risks will be manageable, it said.

    The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has called for countries to implement UNESCO’s global ethical framework for dealing with AI, immediately following pleas by more than a thousand tech workers for a pause in the training of the most powerful artificial intelligence (AI) systems.

    “The world needs stronger ethical rules for artificial intelligence: this is the challenge of our time. UNESCO’s Recommendation on the ethics of A.I. sets the appropriate normative framework.”

    UNESCO has urged for the strategies and regulations to be implemented at the national level. UNESCO said it guides countries both on how to maximize the benefits of the tool and reduce its risks, providing policy recommendations alongside values and principles.

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    ( With inputs from www.siasat.com )

  • Pak court warns Imran of bail cancellation for missing hearing

    Pak court warns Imran of bail cancellation for missing hearing

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    Islamabad: A Pakistani court on Wednesday warned former prime minister Imran Khan that it may cancel his interim bail as it expressed its staunch dissatisfaction over the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI) chief’s persistent absence from court hearings in various cases, according to a media report.

    Hearing Khan’s interim bail plea in a case involving murder attempt charges filed by Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz parliamentarian Mohsin Shahnawaz Ranjha last year, Islamabad High Court (IHC) Chief Justice Aamer Farooq said that the former premier has made a “joke out of the courts” and asked him to appear in the court on Wednesday itself, the Dawn newspaper reported.

    More than 100 cases have been registered against Khan since he was voted out of office through a no-confidence motion in April last year. But he has not been arrested in any of the cases so far.

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    In a few of the cases, including the mutiny and inappropriate language against the Pakistani Army, the 70-year-old leader has been given anticipatory bail by the High Court with conditions that he would be present in the court hearings without fail to which he has agreed.

    On Wednesday, while hearing the case filed by PML-N’s Ranjha, Justice Farooq asked Khan to be present in court the same day itself after expressing his dissatisfaction over the former premier’s persistent absences in various cases.

    “If the petitioner, Imran Khan, does not appear during court timings [today], will dismiss the interim bail. The judge added that the former premier has made a joke out of the courts,” the report quoted Justice Farooq as saying.

    On October 23, 2022, Ranjha lodged a criminal complaint claiming that the shot fired by a Khyber Pakhtunkhwa policeman outside the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) on Constitution Avenue on October 21, 2022, was “an attempt on his life” allegedly at the behest of Khan.

    The disqualification of Khan in the Toshakhana case had sparked protests in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, especially at Faizabad, resulting in the arrest of three people — a PTI lawmaker and his two police guards.

    The clash between the protesters and police had started outside the ECP soon after the verdict disqualifying Khan when the KP police guard of Member of National Assembly Saleh Mohammad fired a gunshot.

    On April 18, the IHC had extended Khan’s bail in eight cases — including those pertaining to violence outside the Federal Judicial Complex — till May 3, the report said.

    Accepting the PTI chairman’s request for a bail extension and exemption from court appearance that day, Justice Farooq had made it clear then that Khan’s interim bail in all the cases will be cancelled if he did not appear in court on Wednesday, the report said.

    However, shortly after the court proceedings, PTI Senator Shibli Faraz said in a tweet that Imran “respected the courts” and implied that the reason for the PTI chief’s absence was his leg getting “injured again” during his appearance at the Lahore High Court on Tuesday.

    He wrote: “Imran Khan’s leg got injured again yesterday at the Lahore High Court due to the jostling brought about because of the lack of security provided by the government.

    “Doctors have advised [Imran] to rest for 10 days. Upon recuperating, he will again face the cases filed on political bases. [Imran] Khan sahib respects the courts,” the PTI senator was quoted as saying in the report.

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    ( With inputs from www.siasat.com )

  • Biden seeks debt meeting with Hill leaders as Treasury warns of June 1 breach

    Biden seeks debt meeting with Hill leaders as Treasury warns of June 1 breach

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    On Monday night, Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer teed up two pieces of legislation: the debt-limit bill House Republicans passed last week that includes significant spending cuts and one that would suspend the debt limit through the 2024 election with no strings attached. While his actions don’t guarantee a floor vote on either, a Schumer spokesperson said “this process will ensure that once a clean debt ceiling is passed, the House bill is available for a bipartisan agreement” on spending and taxes “as part of the regular budget process.”

    Biden’s invite included Schumer, McCarthy, House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries and Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell. The president’s calls were first reported by The Washington Post.

    Senate Republicans praised the president for heeding calls that he meet with McCarthy, insisting that it’s time for the White House to get serious about haggling over fiscal concessions after House Republicans narrowly passed their proposal last week to make substantial cuts to government spending in exchange for staving off default.

    “Joe Biden better get his butt in gear and start getting serious about it,” said Sen. Kevin Cramer (R-N.D.). “He’s the president, he’s got a bill that’s been offered up, and it’s time to get Kevin McCarthy back to the White House and start working on it.”

    Democratic leaders continue to insist that Republicans hike the debt limit with no strings attached, as they have done repeatedly since the GOP took the House majority. Instead, they insist spending should be debated as part of the annual government funding process.

    The House GOP package — which would lift the borrowing cap by $1.5 trillion or until the end of March 2024, whichever comes first, and slash $130 billion in government funding next fiscal year — represents a major victory for Republican leaders hoping to gain leverage in stalled talks with the president.

    In the letter to top lawmakers Monday, Yellen noted that federal cash flow is “inherently variable,” so the nation’s debt default date could still come “a number of weeks later” than the worst-case prediction.

    “Given the current projections, it is imperative that Congress act as soon as possible to increase or suspend the debt limit in a way that provides longer-term certainty that the government will continue to make its payments,” Yellen said, noting that it is impossible to predict the exact date the nation could default.

    Cash from tax season has come in substantially lower than expected, prompting the Treasury Department’s warning that the U.S. could be at risk of default far sooner than forecasters had originally warned — with Congress’ nonpartisan budget office saying earlier this year that the country could hit the debt ceiling as late as September. Now the Congressional Budget Office is echoing Yellen’s appraisal, also warning Monday that “there is a significantly greater risk” of running out of borrowing ability in early June.

    There’s still some hope for a later deadline than early June: If the Treasury Department can scrape by for a few weeks beyond that point, a gush of revenue from quarterly tax receipts on June 15 is likely to help buoy the nation’s borrowing power for several more weeks, along with an accounting maneuver the department is allowed to execute at the end of June.

    To give the U.S. extra borrowing power before then, Yellen is taking another unexpected action. The Treasury Department will stop helping state and local governments shift their own debt to fall in line with tax rules, the secretary told lawmakers on Monday.

    Yellen noted that the move “is not without costs, as it will deprive state and local governments of an important tool to manage their finances.”

    Even before the secretary’s latest warning, the partisan standoff had begun to worry Wall Street traders and executives. They’ve laid out concerns about the likelihood of default in notes to investors but remain wary of pleading more directly to Congress for action to head off a default — one expected to devastate the global economy.

    Independent forecasters expect to issue their own updated debt-limit forecasts by mid-month. Those analyses from the Congressional Budget Office and the Bipartisan Policy Center typically offer more detail than the timeframe the Treasury Department publicly releases.

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    ( With inputs from : www.politico.com )

  • Top global regulator warns of ‘massive adjustment’ for financial system

    Top global regulator warns of ‘massive adjustment’ for financial system

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    AMSTERDAM — The world’s financial system needs a “massive adjustment” to cope with higher interest rates, and key rules will have to be revisited, according to a top global regulator.

    Klaas Knot, chair of the Financial Stability Board, an international standard-setting body, told POLITICO that rising interest rates fueled problems at several regional U.S. banks and similar losses may show up elsewhere.

    “The speed with which interest rates have changed, that, of course, implies a massive adjustment in the financial system,” the Dutchman said in an interview from his office in Amsterdam. He added it was unclear exactly where those losses would be.

    “In many, many places of the financial system, that adjustment will go well because it has been well-anticipated and has been well-managed. But history teaches us that is not always the case everywhere.”

    The warning of potential trouble ahead echoes fears of other global officials and comes after the failure of Silicon Valley Bank, a $200 billion lender to the tech sector, sparked contagion across U.S. regional banks. The subsequent market panic contributed to bringing down Credit Suisse in Europe, forcing the Swiss government to hastily merge the lender with UBS.

    Any domino effect can have huge impacts for the economy, businesses and households.

    “We’ve seen the impact of rapidly changing interest rates manifest in the second tier of the regional U.S. banks,” Knot said. “But I would be very surprised if that was the only sub-sector of the financial system where you would have a significant impact.”

    Despite the turmoil, Knot said he was more worried about risks stashed at “nonbanks” — a term that encompasses investment funds, insurers, private equity, pension funds and hedge funds — where authorities have less visibility on hidden losses.

    “If they are hidden for a very long period of time, sometimes the problem then grows so big, that it only becomes unhidden or visible when it’s too big to deal with,” he said.

    The FSB boss pointed to financial players that took the wrong side of a bet on interest-rates and may now be nursing losses. “I hope, of course, that this is well-dispersed over the financial sector,” he said. “Where we are worried is specific concentrations of such risk.”

    In particular, he said, those losses could be amplified when there is a mismatch between hard-to-sell assets and easy withdrawals, and borrowed money is used to juice returns.

    That combination has worried authorities for some time — but Knot said this didn’t mean regulators are behind. For instance, the FSB, whose membership includes central bankers, financial regulators and finance ministries, will issue recommendations for open-ended investment funds in July.

    Under the plans, regulators would get more powers to trigger restrictions in a crisis, rather than leaving those decisions in the hands of the fund manager.

    Rewriting the rules

    The financial rulebook will need to be revisited substantially in light of recent events, he said.

    “It’s a mistake to see the regulatory framework as something that is fixed, and something that should not be touched,” he said. “The financial industry is not at all fixed, it is continuously evolving. So, the regulatory framework should evolve with the evolving risks.”

    The Dutchman said this means revisiting assumptions about how quickly banks can sell assets to meet depositor withdrawals, the speed of those withdrawals in a digital era, and the reserves that have to be set aside to cover potential unrealized losses from interest-rate risks — all of which were factors in the U.S. bank collapses.



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    ( With inputs from : www.politico.eu )

  • Get out of Russia while you still can, ex-oligarch warns Western energy giants

    Get out of Russia while you still can, ex-oligarch warns Western energy giants

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    A new law that allows Russia to seize foreign-owned energy assets should be a final warning to Western firms to cut their losses and leave the market for good, one of the country’s most prominent exiled businessmen has cautioned.

    “There are no guarantees for the safety of investments anywhere, but Vladimir Putin’s regime has demonstratively built an illegitimate and lawless state,” former oil and gas magnate Mikhail Khodorkovsky told POLITICO.

    “The withdrawal of assets should have started a very long time ago, even before the war. And on February 24, 2022, the decision should certainly have been made,” he said.

    Last Tuesday, Putin signed a decree that allows the government to take control of assets owned by foreign firms and individuals from “unfriendly nations” — a long list of apparently hostile governments that includes the U.S., the U.K., the entirety of the EU and all G7 member countries.

    Ventures owned by Germany’s Uniper and Finland’s Fortum energy companies were the first to be targeted. While Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov claimed that Moscow was only assuming “temporary” control of their day-to-day management, he argued that it would help create a pool of assets that Moscow could expropriate in retaliation for Russian property sequestered by European governments.

    German oil and gas company Wintershall, meanwhile, has warned that while it intends to divest its shares in Siberian oil and gas production, rules requiring Kremlin approval mean getting its funds out will be “difficult.”

    “Everything can happen in Russia these days in terms of direct interference with our rights to our assets,” CEO Mario Mehren explained at a press conference this week.

    A number of Western energy firms have already announced their complete departure from Russia in the wake of the invasion of Ukraine, including Norway’s Equinor and U.S. oil and gas giant Exxon Mobil. Others, including Shell, BP, TotalEnergies and Wintershall have announced their intent to fully or partially divest, but the terms of their exits are still being worked out.

    While Khodorkovsky, who fled the country a decade ago, admitted that European firms might now find it “psychologically difficult” to accept making losses on their investments in major fossil fuel projects, he believes that as time goes on “foreign assets in Russia will continue to fall in price and the risk of their confiscation will increase.”

    “Now the risks have become so high that they are no longer covered by profits from any legitimate activity,” he said.

    As the founder of Siberian oil and gas conglomerate Yukos, Khodorkovsky was once believed to be Russia’s wealthiest man, having snapped up former state energy assets for a fraction of their worth after the fall of the Soviet Union. However, having emerged as a key political opponent to Putin, Khodorkovsky’s company was hit with a series of fraud charges, its assets were expropriated and he was imprisoned for almost eight years.

    “That the Kremlin was not punished for this allowed Putin to conclude that this is an acceptable practice,” Khodorkovsky added, “and that the West is weak and ready to accept any lawlessness if he, Putin, is strong enough.”

    Now, he is calling for Russian state assets to be confiscated as compensation for both the damage wrought on Ukraine and to pay back foreign investors.

    “This will be fair, but the owners of private assets should be given the right to defend their innocence in court,” the exiled former oligarch said.



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    ( With inputs from : www.politico.eu )

  • RTO Warns Against Vehicle Sales, Registration To Minors

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    SRINAGAR: Authorities in the Regional Transport office here on Friday asked all the registered dealers, officers, officials of the Motor Vehicle Department and insurance agencies not to make any sale, purchase or register any vehicle involving a minor.

    A circular, issued by the Office of the Regional Transport Officer (RTO), Kashmir, reads that it has observed that motor vehicle dealers have sold and registered motor vehicles in the name of minors, which amounts to a violation of Section 10 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872.

    In the circular, it is underlined that under the Indian Contract Act, 1872, any sale agreement executed with a minor is deemed void ab initio, adding that a registered motor vehicle along with its registered owner is a legal person and in case of violation of provisos of motor vehicle laws and rules made thereunder, by any such vehicle invokes penal action against the owner.

    “Now, therefore, in the interest of law and justice, it is enjoined upon all the registered dealers, officers/officials of the motor vehicle department, the general public, insurance agencies, and other stakeholders, not to make any sale/purchase or to register any vehicle involving a minor,” the order reads. (KNO)

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    ( With inputs from : kashmirlife.net )

  • Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education warns private schools of action for misleading students – Kashmir News

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    Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education warns private schools of action for misleading students

    Srinagar, Apr 28 (KNO): The Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education (BOSE) has warned all the private schools of action for misleading parents and the students over their affiliation with the Board.

    According to the news agency—Kashmir News Observer (KNO), Secretary JKBOSE has issued a circular to all private academic institutions affiliated with them, cautioning against the use of misleading hoardings.

    As per the circular, the private schools have been accused of duping unsuspecting students by using hoardings that falsely indicate they are affiliated with other recognized boards or imparting studies on other patterns.

    To prevent such fraudulent practices, the circular states that all institutions must install signboards that clearly reflect the name of their institution with the “School Code” along with the name of the affiliating boards as “Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education” in bold letters.

    To ensure adherence to the circular, the BOSE has directed all Deputy, Assistant, and Incharge Officers of the Sub and Branch Offices of the Kashmir Division to acquire an action taken report with GI-tagged photographic proof from all affiliated academic institutions in their respective domains.

    The schools have been asked to submit the action taken report to the office of the Joint Secretary, General, Kashmir Division, within a period of seven working days.

    An official said the directive is intended to provide the BOSE with firsthand information about the implementation of the circular.

    “Such measures will prevent any further misleading of gullible students and ensure that academic institutions affiliated with the Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education maintain transparency in their operations,” the Board official said—(KNO)

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  • JKBOSE Warns Private Schools Against Using Misleading Hoardings, Spreading Misinformation

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    SRINAGAR: The Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education (BOSE) has warned all the private schools of action for misleading parents and the students by using hoardings that falsely indicate they are affiliated with other recognized boards or imparting studies on other patterns.

    Secretary JKBOSE has issued a circular to all private academic institutions affiliated with them, cautioning against the use of misleading hoardings.

    To prevent such fraudulent practices, the circular states that all institutions must install signboards that clearly reflect the name of their institution with the “School Code” along with the name of the affiliating boards as “Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education” in bold letters.

    To ensure adherence to the circular, the BOSE has directed all Deputy, Assistant, and Incharge Officers of the Sub and Branch Offices of the Kashmir Division to acquire an action taken report with GI-tagged photographic proof from all affiliated academic institutions in their respective domains.

    The schools have been asked to submit the action taken report to the office of the Joint Secretary, General, Kashmir Division, within a period of seven working days.

    An official said the directive is intended to provide the BOSE with firsthand information about the implementation of the circular.

    “Such measures will prevent any further misleading of gullible students and ensure that academic institutions affiliated with the Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education maintain transparency in their operations,” the Board official said. (KNO)

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    ( With inputs from : kashmirlife.net )

  • JKBOSE warns private schools of action for misleading students

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    Srinagar, Apr 28: The Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education (BOSE) has warned all the private schools of action for misleading parents and the students over their affiliation with the Board.

    According to the news agency—Kashmir News Observer (KNO), Secretary JKBOSE has issued a circular to all private academic institutions affiliated with them, cautioning against the use of misleading hoardings.

    As per the circular, the private schools have been accused of duping unsuspecting students by using hoardings that falsely indicate they are affiliated with other recognized boards or imparting studies on other patterns.

    To prevent such fraudulent practices, the circular states that all institutions must install signboards that clearly reflect the name of their institution with the “School Code” along with the name of the affiliating boards as “Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education” in bold letters.

    To ensure adherence to the circular, the BOSE has directed all Deputy, Assistant, and Incharge Officers of the Sub and Branch Offices of the Kashmir Division to acquire an action taken report with GI-tagged photographic proof from all affiliated academic institutions in their respective domains.

    The schools have been asked to submit the action taken report to the office of the Joint Secretary, General, Kashmir Division, within a period of seven working days.

    An official said the directive is intended to provide the BOSE with firsthand information about the implementation of the circular.

    “Such measures will prevent any further misleading of gullible students and ensure that academic institutions affiliated with the Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education maintain transparency in their operations,” the Board official said—(KNO)

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    #JKBOSE #warns #private #schools #action #misleading #students

    ( With inputs from : roshankashmir.net )

  • Telangana HC warns against Pedda Cheruvu encroachment

    Telangana HC warns against Pedda Cheruvu encroachment

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    Hyderabad: The Telangana High Court ordered the government to prevent encroachers from erecting illegal constructions in the Full Tank Level (FTL) and Buffer Zone of Meerpet Pedda Cheruvu, which is located at Meerpet Village in Balapur Mandal of Rangareddy District.

    The respondents were requested to file their counters before the following day’s hearing, and the PIL was postponed to July 20, 2023.

    A PIL was filed by Akula Padma against the respondent for failing to take any action against the unlawful encroachment of buffer zone lands and FTL areas in Meerpet village’s Sy. No. 46 (part) and Sy. No. 61 (Shikam).

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    In a PIL, she stated that the lands are not only being encroached upon by locals building houses in the FTL area but are also being used for dumping soil and other construction materials.

    A bench comprising of Chief Justice Ujjal Bhuyan and Justice N Tukaramji heard B Rachana Reddy, senior counsel appearing for the petitioner, before granting status quo orders and serving notices on the Chief Secretary, Principal Secretaries of the Irrigation and Revenue departments, Rangareddy district Collector, Commissioners of GHMC, and others.

    Many wetlands have been threatened by conversion to non-wetland purposes and have been used beyond their acceptable limits through landfilling, pollution, and over-exploitation of their natural resources. Such actions are a violation of Environmental Laws, Supreme Court, High Court, and NGT directions, the PIL said.

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    ( With inputs from www.siasat.com )